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Machine Learning

A collection of articles and resources on clinical applications of machine learning.

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RESEARCH

Research Letter

Appropriateness of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Recommendations From Online Chat-Based AI Model

Ashish Sarraju, MD, Dennis Bruemmer, MD, PhD et al.

Research Letter

States’ Methods for Capturing and Reporting Local Responses to Suspected Nonfatal Drug Overdoses

Christian Johnson, MPH, Megan Catlin, MS et al.

Original Investigation

Accuracy of Stroke Risk Prediction Models by Race, Sex, and Age

Chuan Hong, PhD, Michael J. Pencina, PhD et al.

Original Investigation

Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Back Pain

John D. Piette, MSc, PhD, Sean Newman, MS et al.

Original Investigation

External Validation of a Widely Implemented Sepsis Prediction Model in Hospitalized Patients

Andrew Wong, MD, Erkin Otles, MEng et al.

Research Letter

Global Media Coverage of the Benefits and Harms of Early Detection Tests

Mary O’Keeffe, PhD, Alexandra Barratt, MD et al.

Original Investigation

Concordance Between Blood Pressure in SPRINT and in Routine Clinical Practice

Paul E. Drawz, MD, MHS, MS, Anil Agarwal, MD et al.

Original Investigation

Detection of Pathogenic Variants With Germline Genetic Testing in Patients With Prostate Cancer and Melanoma

Saud H. AlDubayan, MD, Jake R. Conway, BSc et al.

Research Letter

Geographic Distribution of US Cohorts Used to Train Deep Learning Algorithms

Amit Kaushal, MD, PhD, Russ Altman, MD, PhD et al.

Preliminary Communication

Effect of a Machine Learning–Derived Early Warning System vs Standard Care on Hypotension During Noncardiac Surgery

Marije Wijnberge, MD, Bart F. Geerts, MD, PhD, MSc, MBA et al.

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REVIEW

Special Communication

Artificial Intelligence in Breast Cancer Screening

Kunal C. Potnis, BS, Joseph S. Ross, MD, MHS et al.

Users' Guides to the Medical Literature

How to Read Articles That Use Machine Learning

Yun Liu, PhD, Po-Hsuan Cameron Chen, PhD et al.

JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

On Deep Learning for Medical Image Analysis

Lawrence Carin, PhD, Michael J. Pencina, PhD

OPINION

Viewpoint

AI-Generated Medical Advice—GPT and Beyond

Claudia E. Haupt, JSD, PhD, Mason Marks, MD, JD

Viewpoint

Harnessing the Promise of Artificial Intelligence Responsibly

David A. Dorr, MD, MS, Laura Adams, MS et al.

Editorial

Nonhuman “Authors” and Implications for the Integrity of Scientific Publication and Medical Knowledge

Annette Flanagin, RN, MA, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS et al.

Viewpoint

Clinical Algorithms, Antidiscrimination Laws, and Medical Device Regulation

Katherine E. Goodman, PhD, JD, Daniel J. Morgan, MD, MS et al.

Viewpoint

Prevention of Bias and Discrimination in Clinical Practice Algorithms

Carmel Shachar, JD, MPH, Sara Gerke, Dipl-Jur Univ, MA

Viewpoint

Decoding Artificial Intelligence to Achieve Diagnostic Excellence

Jonathan H. Chen, MD, PhD, Gurpreet Dhaliwal, MD et al.

Viewpoint

Rethinking Algorithm Performance Metrics for Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostic Medicine

Matthew A. Reyna, PhD, MS, Elaine O. Nsoesie, PhD et al.

Viewpoint

Preparing Clinicians for a Clinical World Influenced by Artificial Intelligence

Cornelius A. James, MD, Robert M. Wachter, MD et al.

Viewpoint

Proactive vs Reactive Machine Learning in Health Care

Yuan Luo, PhD, Richard G. Wunderink, MD et al.

Viewpoint

Preventing Digital Overdiagnosis

Daniel Capurro, MD, PhD, Simon Coghlan, PhD et al.

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SPECIALTY MACHINE LEARNING
Cardiology
Physiologic Monitoring Strategies in the Emergency Department JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning and Social Determinants of Health JAMA Cardiology |
Machine Learning–Based Risk Stratification for Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia JAMA Network Open |
Effect of Clinical Decision Support at Community Health Centers on CVD Risk JAMA Network Open |
Challenges During Implementation of Clinical Decision Support Systems JAMA Network Open |
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SPECIALTY MACHINE LEARNING
Dermatology
AI Support Tool for Telemedicine JAMA Dermatology |
Checklist for Evaluation of Image-Based Artificial Intelligence Reports in Dermatology JAMA Dermatology |
Machine Learning–Based Deep Phenotyping of Atopic Dermatitis JAMA Dermatology |
Lack of Transparency and Potential Bias in AI Data Sets and Algorithms JAMA Dermatology |
Risk of Bias and Error From Data Sets Used for Dermatologic AI JAMA Dermatology |
Clinical Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence–Based Digital Wound Assessment Tools JAMA Network Open |
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SPECIALTY MACHINE LEARNING
Cardiology
Dermatology
AI Support Tool for Telemedicine JAMA Dermatology |
Physiologic Monitoring Strategies in the Emergency Department JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning and Social Determinants of Health JAMA Cardiology |
Machine Learning–Based Deep Phenotyping of Atopic Dermatitis JAMA Dermatology |
Risk of Bias and Error From Data Sets Used for Dermatologic AI JAMA Dermatology |
Machine Learning–Based Risk Stratification for Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia JAMA Network Open |
Effect of Clinical Decision Support at Community Health Centers on CVD Risk JAMA Network Open |
Clinical Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence–Based Digital Wound Assessment Tools JAMA Network Open |
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Neurology
Studying Healthy Psychosislike Experiences to Improve Illness Prediction JAMA Psychiatry |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Accuracy of Stroke Risk Prediction Models by Race, Sex, and Age JAMA |
Choosing the Best Antiseizure Medication JAMA Neurology |
Model to Identify Critical Brain Injuries Using Natural Language Processing JAMA Network Open |
A Deep Learning Model for Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Classification Using MRI JAMA Network Open |
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Oncology
Estimating Cancer Treatment Tolerability for Older Adults With Advanced Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Symptom Clusters and Adverse Outcomes Among Older Adults With Advanced Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Recalibration of a Deep Learning Algorithm to Inform Lung Cancer Screening Intervals JAMA Network Open |
Validation of a Machine Learning–Derived Feature for Colon Cancer Risk Stratification JAMA Network Open |
Predicting Survival of Patients With Cancer Using Natural Language Processing JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence to Detect Lesions in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis JAMA Network Open |
Can The Matrix Help Treat Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma? JAMA Surgery |
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Neurology
Oncology
Studying Healthy Psychosislike Experiences to Improve Illness Prediction JAMA Psychiatry |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Estimating Cancer Treatment Tolerability for Older Adults With Advanced Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Symptom Clusters and Adverse Outcomes Among Older Adults With Advanced Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Accuracy of Stroke Risk Prediction Models by Race, Sex, and Age JAMA |
Validation of a Machine Learning–Derived Feature for Colon Cancer Risk Stratification JAMA Network Open |
Choosing the Best Antiseizure Medication JAMA Neurology |
Predicting Survival of Patients With Cancer Using Natural Language Processing JAMA Network Open |
Model to Identify Critical Brain Injuries Using Natural Language Processing JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence to Detect Lesions in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis JAMA Network Open |
Can The Matrix Help Treat Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma? JAMA Surgery |
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Ophthalmology
Eyeing a Role for Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Trials JAMA Ophthalmology |
Estimation of Visual Function Using Deep Learning in Retinitis Pigmentosa JAMA Ophthalmology |
Identifying Retinopathy of Prematurity Regression and Reactivation Using Vascular Severity Score JAMA Network Open |
External Validation of an ROP Screening Model in Low- and Middle-Income Populations JAMA Ophthalmology |
A Deep Learning Model to Predict the Occurrence and Severity of Retinopathy of Prematurity JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence for Screening of Multiple Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases JAMA Network Open |
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Otolaryngology
Predicting Emergency Department Use and Unplanned Hospitalization in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
A Deep Learning Approach to Predict Conductive Hearing Loss in Patients With Otitis Media With Effusion JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
Deep Learning for Clinical Image Analyses in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
Deep Learning to Augment Image-Guided Radiotherapy for Head and Neck and Prostate Cancers JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning–Guided Adjuvant Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Use of Deep Learning to Analyze Social Media Discussions About the HPV Vaccine JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning Model for Survival Risk Stratification in Advanced Oral Cancer JAMA Network Open |
Automated Mandibular Movement Monitoring for Obstructive Sleep Apnea JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning by Ultrasonography for Genetic Risk Stratification JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
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Ophthalmology
Otolaryngology
Predicting Emergency Department Use and Unplanned Hospitalization in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
Eyeing a Role for Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Trials JAMA Ophthalmology |
Estimation of Visual Function Using Deep Learning in Retinitis Pigmentosa JAMA Ophthalmology |
Deep Learning for Clinical Image Analyses in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
Identifying Retinopathy of Prematurity Regression and Reactivation Using Vascular Severity Score JAMA Network Open |
Deep Learning to Augment Image-Guided Radiotherapy for Head and Neck and Prostate Cancers JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning–Guided Adjuvant Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer JAMA Network Open |
External Validation of an ROP Screening Model in Low- and Middle-Income Populations JAMA Ophthalmology |
Use of Deep Learning to Analyze Social Media Discussions About the HPV Vaccine JAMA Network Open |
A Deep Learning Model to Predict the Occurrence and Severity of Retinopathy of Prematurity JAMA Network Open |
Automated Mandibular Movement Monitoring for Obstructive Sleep Apnea JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence for Screening of Multiple Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning by Ultrasonography for Genetic Risk Stratification JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |
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Pediatrics
Machine Learning and Statistics in Clinical Research Articles JAMA Pediatrics |
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of ADHD and Sleep Problems Among Children JAMA Network Open |
Estimation of Visual Function Using Deep Learning in Retinitis Pigmentosa JAMA Ophthalmology |
Eyeing a Role for Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Trials JAMA Ophthalmology |
Artificial Neural Network Modeling to Predict Neonatal Metabolic Bone Disease JAMA Network Open |
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Geographic Access to Autism Resources Across the US JAMA Network Open |
Identifying Retinopathy of Prematurity Regression and Reactivation Using Vascular Severity Score JAMA Network Open |
Newborn Cry Acoustics in the Assessment of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome JAMA Network Open |
External Validation of an ROP Screening Model in Low- and Middle-Income Populations JAMA Ophthalmology |
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Psychiatry
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of ADHD and Sleep Problems Among Children JAMA Network Open |
Studying Healthy Psychosislike Experiences to Improve Illness Prediction JAMA Psychiatry |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Performance of a Prediction Model of Suicide Attempts Across Race and Ethnicity JAMA Psychiatry |
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Geographic Access to Autism Resources Across the US JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Back Pain JAMA Internal Medicine |
Machine Learning Analysis of Handgun Transactions to Predict Firearm Suicide Risk JAMA Network Open |
Predicting Firearm Suicide JAMA Network Open |
Analysis of Access to Prescription Data Management Programs Data for Research JAMA Network Open |
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Pediatrics
Psychiatry
Machine Learning and Statistics in Clinical Research Articles JAMA Pediatrics |
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of ADHD and Sleep Problems Among Children JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of ADHD and Sleep Problems Among Children JAMA Network Open |
Studying Healthy Psychosislike Experiences to Improve Illness Prediction JAMA Psychiatry |
Estimation of Visual Function Using Deep Learning in Retinitis Pigmentosa JAMA Ophthalmology |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Eyeing a Role for Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Trials JAMA Ophthalmology |
Performance of a Prediction Model of Suicide Attempts Across Race and Ethnicity JAMA Psychiatry |
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Geographic Access to Autism Resources Across the US JAMA Network Open |
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Geographic Access to Autism Resources Across the US JAMA Network Open |
Identifying Retinopathy of Prematurity Regression and Reactivation Using Vascular Severity Score JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Back Pain JAMA Internal Medicine |
Newborn Cry Acoustics in the Assessment of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning Analysis of Handgun Transactions to Predict Firearm Suicide Risk JAMA Network Open |
Predicting Firearm Suicide JAMA Network Open |
External Validation of an ROP Screening Model in Low- and Middle-Income Populations JAMA Ophthalmology |
Analysis of Access to Prescription Data Management Programs Data for Research JAMA Network Open |
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Surgery
Can The Matrix Help Treat Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma? JAMA Surgery |
Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Association Between Time of Day and Colonoscopy Quality JAMA Network Open |
Association Between the Patient-Physician Relationship and Completion of Bariatric Surgery JAMA Network Open |
Use of a Prediction Model to Enhance Early Detection of Need for Massive Transfusion JAMA Network Open |
Validation of a Prediction Model for Need for Massive Transfusion JAMA Network Open |
FDA Approves Artificial Intelligence Device for Guiding Regional Anesthesia JAMA |
Machine Learning Models Using Perioperative Data for Mortality After Cardiac Surgery JAMA Network Open |
Prediction of Epstein-Barr Virus Status in Gastric Cancer Biopsy Specimens JAMA Network Open |
Evaluation of a Model for Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgical Instrument Recognition JAMA Network Open |
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Radiology
Use of Deep-Learning Algorithm to Guide Novices in Performing FAST JAMA Network Open |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence to Detect Lesions in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis JAMA Network Open |
Chest Radiograph Captions Based on Natural Language Processing vs Completed by Radiologists JAMA Network Open |
Deep Learning–Based Synthetic Bone-Suppressed Model for Pulmonary Nodule Detection JAMA Network Open |
Algorithm to Differentiate Colon Carcinoma From Diverticulitis in Computed Tomography Images JAMA Network Open |
Development of a Machine Learning Model for Sonographic Assessment of Gestational Age JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence Model for Detection of Pneumothorax in Chest Radiographs JAMA Network Open |
FDA Approves Artificial Intelligence Device for Guiding Regional Anesthesia JAMA |
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Surgery
Radiology
Can The Matrix Help Treat Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma? JAMA Surgery |
Use of Deep-Learning Algorithm to Guide Novices in Performing FAST JAMA Network Open |
Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Association Between Time of Day and Colonoscopy Quality JAMA Network Open |
Evaluation of Risk of Bias in Neuroimaging-Based AI Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis JAMA Network Open |
Association Between the Patient-Physician Relationship and Completion of Bariatric Surgery JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence to Detect Lesions in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis JAMA Network Open |
Use of a Prediction Model to Enhance Early Detection of Need for Massive Transfusion JAMA Network Open |
Chest Radiograph Captions Based on Natural Language Processing vs Completed by Radiologists JAMA Network Open |
Validation of a Prediction Model for Need for Massive Transfusion JAMA Network Open |
Deep Learning–Based Synthetic Bone-Suppressed Model for Pulmonary Nodule Detection JAMA Network Open |
FDA Approves Artificial Intelligence Device for Guiding Regional Anesthesia JAMA |
Algorithm to Differentiate Colon Carcinoma From Diverticulitis in Computed Tomography Images JAMA Network Open |
Machine Learning Models Using Perioperative Data for Mortality After Cardiac Surgery JAMA Network Open |
Development of a Machine Learning Model for Sonographic Assessment of Gestational Age JAMA Network Open |
Prediction of Epstein-Barr Virus Status in Gastric Cancer Biopsy Specimens JAMA Network Open |
Artificial Intelligence Model for Detection of Pneumothorax in Chest Radiographs JAMA Network Open |
Evaluation of a Model for Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgical Instrument Recognition JAMA Network Open |
FDA Approves Artificial Intelligence Device for Guiding Regional Anesthesia JAMA |
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Making Use of AI-Generated Synthetic Tympanic Membrane Images

Krish Suresh, MD, Michael S. Cohen, MD et al.

JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |

Original Investigation

Development of a Machine Learning Model to Estimate Firearm Homicides

Elizabeth A. Swedo, MD, Alen Alic, MS et al.

JAMA Network Open |

Original Investigation

Consumer Views on Privacy Protections and Sharing of Personal Digital Health Information

Ravi Gupta, MD, Raghuram Iyengar, PhD, MPhil et al.

JAMA Network Open |

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Using Haplotype-Based Artificial Intelligence to Evaluate SARS-CoV-2 Novel Variants

Lue Ping Zhao, PhD, Seth Cohen, MD et al.

JAMA Network Open |

JAMA Forum

Garbage in, Garbage out—Words of Caution on Big Data and Machine Learning in Medical Practice

Joan M. Teno, MD, MS

JAMA Health Forum |

Original Investigation

Association of Neighborhood Racial and Ethnic Composition With Built Environment Indicators

Yukun Yang, MS, Ahyoung Cho, MPP et al.

JAMA Network Open |

Original Investigation

Effect of Machine Learning Recommender and Viral Peer Marketing on Smoking Cessation

Jamie M. Faro, PhD, Jinying Chen, PhD et al.

JAMA Network Open |

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Machine Learning to Estimate Adverse Outcome Risk With Opioid Dispensation

Vishal Sharma, MSc, Vinaykumar Kulkarni, MSc et al.

JAMA Network Open |

Research Letter

Patient Use of Physicians’ First (Given) Name in Direct Patient Electronic Messaging

Jamison A. Harvey, MD, Richard J. Butterfield, MA et al.

JAMA Network Open |

Original Investigation

Randomized Clinical Trials of Machine Learning Interventions in Health Care

Deborah Plana, BS, Dennis L. Shung, MD, PhD et al.

JAMA Network Open |
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